Article

Variations in foot posture, such as pes planus (low-arched foot) or pes cavus
(high-arched foot), are thought to be an intrinsic risk factor for injury due to
altered motion of the lower extremity. Hence, the aim of this systematic review
was to investigate the relationship between foot posture and lower limb
kinematics during walking.
A systematic database search of MEDLINE, CINAHL,
SPORTDiscus, Embase and Inspec was undertaken in March 2012. Two independent
reviewers applied predetermined inclusion criteria to selected articles for
review and selected articles were assessed for quality. Articles were then
grouped into two broad categories: (i) those comparing mean kinematic parameters
between different foot postures, and (ii) those examining associations between
foot posture and kinematics using correlation analysis. A final selection of 12
articles was reviewed. Meta-analysis was not conducted due to heterogeneity
between studies. Selected articles primarily focused on comparing planus and
normal foot postures. Five articles compared kinematic parameters between
different foot postures - there was some evidence for increased motion in planus
feet, but this was limited by small effect sizes. Seven articles investigated
associations between foot posture and kinematics - there was evidence that
increasing planus foot posture was positively associated with increased frontal
plane motion of the rearfoot.
The body of literature provides some evidence of a
relationship between pes planus and increased lower limb motion during gait,
however this was not conclusive due to heterogeneity between studies and small
effect sizes.
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