Article

Musculoskeletal physical therapy involves both specific and
nonspecific effects. Nonspecific variables associated with the patient,
therapist, and setting may influence clinical outcomes. Recent quantitative
research has shown that nonspecific factors, including patient-therapist
interactions, can influence treatment outcomes. It remains unclear, however, what
factors influence patient-therapist interaction. PURPOSE: This qualitative
systematic review and meta-synthesis investigated patients' and physical
therapists' perceptions of factors that influence patient-therapist interactions.
DATA SOURCES: Eleven databases were searched independently. STUDY SELECTION:
Qualitative studies examining physical therapists' and patients' perceptions of
factors that influence patient-therapist interactions in musculoskeletal settings
were included. DATA EXTRACTION: Two reviewers independently selected articles,
assessed methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme
(CASP), and performed the 3 stages of analysis: extraction of findings, grouping
of findings (codes), and abstraction of findings. DATA SYNTHESIS: Thirteen
studies were included. Four themes were perceived to influence patient-therapist
interactions: (1) physical therapist interpersonal and communication skills (ie,
presence of skills such as listening, encouragement, confidence, being empathetic
and friendly, and nonverbal communication), (2) physical therapist practical
skills (ie, physical therapist expertise and level of training, although the
ability to provide good education was considered as important only by patients),
(3) individualized patient-centered care (ie, individualizing the treatment to
the patient and taking patient's opinions into account), and (4) organizational
and environmental factors (ie, time and flexibility with care and appointments).
LIMITATIONS: Only studies published in English were included. CONCLUSIONS: A mix
of interpersonal, clinical, and organizational factors are perceived to influence
patient-therapist interactions, although research is needed to identify which of
these factors actually influence patient-therapist interactions. Physical
therapists' awareness of these factors could enhance patient interactions and
treatment outcomes. Mechanisms to best enhance these factors in clinical practice
warrant further study.
CI - (c) 2016 American Physical Therapy Association.

Langue : ANGLAIS