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Greater Cortical Thickness Is Associated With Enhanced Sensory Function After Arm
Rehabilitation in Chronic Stroke

Somatosensory function is critical to normal motor control.
After stroke, dysfunction of the sensory systems prevents normal motor function and
degrades quality of life. Structural neuroplasticity underpinnings of sensory
recovery after stroke are not fully understood.
The objective of this study was
to identify changes in bilateral cortical thickness (CT) that may drive recovery
of sensory acuity. METHODS: Chronic stroke survivors (n = 20) were treated with
12 weeks of rehabilitation. Measures were sensory acuity (monofilament),
Fugl-Meyer upper limb and CT change. Permutation-based general linear regression
modeling identified cortical regions in which change in CT was associated with
change in sensory acuity. RESULTS: For the ipsilesional hemisphere in response to
treatment, CT increase was significantly associated with sensory improvement in
the area encompassing the occipital pole, lateral occipital cortex (inferior and
superior divisions), intracalcarine cortex, cuneal cortex, precuneus cortex,
inferior temporal gyrus, occipital fusiform gyrus, supracalcarine cortex, and
temporal occipital fusiform cortex. For the contralesional hemisphere, increased
CT was associated with improved sensory acuity within the posterior parietal
cortex that included supramarginal and angular gyri. Following upper limb
therapy, monofilament test score changed from 45.0 +/- 13.3 to 42.6 +/- 12.9 mm (
P = .063) and Fugl-Meyer score changed from 22.1 +/- 7.8 to 32.3 +/- 10.1 ( P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Rehabilitation in the chronic stage after stroke produced
structural brain changes that were strongly associated with enhanced sensory
acuity. Improved sensory perception was associated with increased CT in bilateral
high-order association sensory cortices reflecting the complex nature of sensory
function and recovery in response to rehabilitation.

Langue : ANGLAIS

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